HIV感染者和AIDS病人自杀意念现状及其影响因素研究

目的了解HIV感染者和AIDS病人（PeopleLivingwithHIV／AIDS,PLWHA）自杀意念现状,探讨其影响因素,为制定关怀干预对策提供客观依据。方法采用《自杀意念自评量表》（SIOSS）和评价方法,以2012年5月至2012年12月在广州市番禺区CDC艾滋病VCT门诊就诊的PLWHA为调查对象,进行面对面问卷调查,调查其人口学特征及对其是否持有自杀意念进行评价。采用多因素logistic回归分析对PLWHA的自杀影响因素进行统计学析。结果在调查的144例PLWHA中,男性占67．36％（97／144）,女性占32．64％（47／144）;平均年龄（36．9±10．8）岁。29．17％（42／144）患者有自杀意念。在自杀意念发生率方面,无业／待业者为（50．00％,9／18）高于有工作者（26．29％,33／126）、中专／高中及以下者为（32．52％,40／123）高于大专及以上者（9．52％,2／21）、独居者为（58．33％,7／12）高于非独居者（26．52％,35／132）、CD。细胞计数~〈200cells／μL者为（47．83％,11／23）高于〉200cells／μL者（25．62％,31／121）,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示就业状况和居住方式为产生自杀意念的危险因素,其调整的OR值和95％CI分别为：4．813（1．250—18．526）和8．832（1．330～58．661）。结论PLwHA普遍存在自杀意念,应在随访关怀过程中,建立有效的综合支持体系,以改善PLWHA心理状况。     

广州市大学城诺如病毒GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012变异株感染疫情再次暴发的调查

2013 年1 月广州市大学城ZD 大学暴发国内首起诺如病毒GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 变异株感染引起的急性胃肠炎疫情。2 个月后该地区其他4 所高校（HS、HG、GD、GG）和1所中学（GDFZ）相继又出现暴发。     

基于互联网的自我管理干预模式对高血压患者膳食情况的影响

目的 构建“互联网+”自我管理平台,评价“互联网+”自我管理平台干预模式对高血压患者膳食情况的影响效果。 方法 于2016年4月－2016年10月在广州市番禺区A、B、C三个居委招募的高血压病例106例,随机分为试验组和对照组,各53例,试验组接受基于互联网的社区高血压自我管理干预模式,对照组接受常规自我管理干预模式,干预时间均为6个月,对试验组和对照组进行膳食评估及血压测量,用SPSS 21.0分析两组高血压患者干预前后膳食摄入的差异。 结果 干预前试验组和对照组的主要食物的每日实际摄入量和主要营养素摄入量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组干预后盐、谷薯类的实际摄入量分别减少1.44、103.54 g,钙的实际摄入量比干预前增多,禽畜水产品、钠、胆固醇的实际摄入量比干预前降低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对照组干预后维生素C的摄入量降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其余能量及营养素的实际摄入量干预前后差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);干预后试验组的盐、油、谷薯类、禽畜肉类的实际摄入量比对照组较少;蔬菜类、蛋类、水果类、奶及奶制品的实际摄入量较对照组多,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);干预后试验组患者的钙、磷、钾、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C的实际摄入量均比对照组多,钠的摄入量比对照组少,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。 结论 “互联网+”自我管理膳食干预模式对调整高血压患者的膳食结构、防治高血压、改善患者的健康具有积极意义,是一项高血压防治的新举措。     

广州疾病控制人员亚健康状态与危险因素分析

目的了解广州地区疾病预防控制（以下简称＂疾控＂）人员亚健康状况,探索导致疾控人员亚健康状态发生的危险因素,并提出相应措施。方法采用分层抽样方法 ,抽取广州地区13所疾控中心共550名工作人员进行问卷调查,用SPSS13.0进行数据据处理和分析;对亚健康状况发生率进行统计描述和χ^2检验,用相关分析、Logistic回归分析方法进行危险因素分析。结果总体亚健康发生率为31.1%;广州市中心城区的区疾控中心人员亚健康的发病率高于广州周边地区疾控中心人员,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=4.772,P=0.029）;科员的亚健康发生率高于科长以及主任（χ2=7.328,P=0.026）;不同现聘任职称职务人员亚健康状态发生情况也存在差异（χ^2=8.729,P=0.033）;亚健康主要危险因素包含缺乏运动、吃饭时间不固定、收入不满意、与家庭成员关系不融洽和加班（P〈0.01）。结论疾控人员的健康状况不容乐观,疾控人员应该通过体育锻炼,正常饮食,保持良好心态,多与家庭成员相处沟通等措施减少亚健康发生。     

Novel FSHβ mutation in a male patient with isolated FSH deficiency and infertility

Isolated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) deficiency due to mutations in FSHβ is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disease that has only been reported in ten patients to date. Symptoms of the disease include amenorrhoea and hypogonadism in women and azoospermia and normal testosterone levels in men. This study describes a Chinese male patient who presented with cryptorchidism and infertility. His serum hormonal profile revealed low FSH, elevated LH and normal testosterone levels. Sequence analysis identified a novel homozygous mutation in the FSHβ gene (c.343C > T) predicted to result in a premature termination codon and a truncated FSH protein (p.R115X). Both parents were heterozygous carriers of the mutation with normal pubertal development and fertility. The patient's testicular volume increased after one year of exogenous FSH replacement therapy at which point spermatocytes were detected in seminal samples, indicating potential future spermatogenesis. The expanded spectrum of FSHβ mutations and associated clinical manifestations described in this study may improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.     

2013年广州市番禺区登革热疫情分析

目的分析2013年广州市番禺区登革热疫情的流行特征,为预防和控制登革热提供依据。方法对登革热的病例个案进行流行病学调查及疫情资料进行分析。结果 2013年番禺区共报告登革热病例36例,其中实验室诊断16例,临床诊断20例。发病高峰出现在10月中下旬,全区病例以钟村街为主(占全区病例的28%)。男性12例,女性24例,男女比例为1∶2。职业以家务待业为主。常规蚊媒监测,布雷图指数最高为9月。结论广州市番禺区存在登革热流行的基本条件,应加强对蚊虫及疫情的监测,控制登革热暴发。     

2011-2013年广州市番禺区麻疹流行病学特征分析

目的了解2011-2013年广州市番禺区麻疹流行病学特征,为制定防控麻疹策略提供理论依据。方法对2011-2013年的麻疹疫情监测资料进行流行病学描述和分析。结果 2011-2013年广州市番禺区共报告麻疹122例,麻疹发病率逐年上升,分别为0.07/10万、1.82/10万和5.34/10万。5-8月为麻疹发病高峰期,占总病例数的54.1%。发病率呈北部高发的态势,大石街、洛浦街、钟村街和南村镇发病率较高。5岁以下散居儿童是发病主体,占病例总数的59.02%。所有麻疹病例中无麻疹疫苗免疫史或免疫史不详的110例,占病例总数的90.16%。结论番禺区麻疹发病年龄构成以5岁以下儿童为主,应提高常规免疫接种率和及时接种率,降低麻疹发病率。     

Effect of cadmium-polluted water on plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and oxidative status biomarkers in rats: Protective effect of curcumin

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of CdCl₂-polluted drinking water (40 mg CdCl₂/L) on the level of TNF-α and IL-6, as well as oxidative status biomarkers in plasma of rats. The possible protective effect of oral administration of curcumin (50 mg/kg body weight/day) was assessed. Results illustrated that Cd exposure significantly elevated the plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6 (p < 0.001) as compared to normal rats. Also, Cd administration resulted in a significant elevation in the lipid peroxidation and markedly reduction in the activities of SOD and catalase as well as the level of glutathione and total antioxidant capacity in plasma. The co-treatment of Cd with curcumin significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and ameliorated the alteration in oxidative status biomarkers induced by Cd. Negative correlation between IL-6 or TNF-α was and the plasma activities of catalase, SOD and the level of total antioxidant capacity were found in rats exposed to Cd. Conclusion: Cadmium toxicity induced the release of TNF-α and IL-6 which is associated with systemic oxidative stress. This may be involved in the mechanism of the Cd toxicity. On the other hand, the findings suggest the curative action of curcumin against Cd toxicity.     

Lymphopenic community-acquired pneumonia is associated with a dysregulated immune response and increased severity and mortality

ObjectivesLymphopenic (<724 lymphocytes/µL) community-acquired pneumonia (L-CAP) is an immunophenotype with an increased risk of mortality. We aimed to characterize the l-CAP immunophenotype though lymphocyte subsets and the inflammatory response and its relationship with severity at presentation and outcome.MethodsProspective study of 217 immunocompetent patients hospitalized for CAP. Lymphocyte subsets (CD4⁺, CD8⁺, CD19⁺, and natural killer [NK] cells) and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed on days 1 and 4, and immunoglobulin subclasses were analyzed on day 1 in a nested group.Results39% of patients showed l-CAP, with decreased levels of all lymphocyte subsets with a partial recovery of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells by day 4. l-CAP patients exhibited higher initial severity and systemic levels of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Initial IgG2 levels were lower in patients with <724 lymphocytes/µL and positively correlated with ALC, CD4⁺, and CD19⁺ cell counts. Low CD4⁺ counts (<129 cells/µL) also independently predicted 30-day mortality after adjusting for age, gender, and the CURB-65 score.Conclusionsl-CAP is characterized by CD4⁺ depletion, a higher inflammatory response, and low IgG2 levels that correlated with greater severity at presentation and worse prognosis. l-CAP is an immunophenotype useful for rapidly recognizing severity.     

Identification and localization of SAS-6 in the microsporidium Nosema bombycis

The centriole in eukaryotes functions as the cell's microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) to nucleate spindle assembly. The evolutionarily conserved protein SAS-6 constitutes the center of the cartwheel assembly that scaffolds centrioles early in their biogenesis. Microsporidia possess the spindle plaque instead of centriole as their MTOC to nucleate spindle assembly. However, little is known about the components of spindle plaques in microsporidia. In our present study, we identified a SAS-6 protein in the microsporidium Nosema bombycis and named it as NSAS-6. The NSAS-6 gene contains a complete ORF of 1104 bp in length that encodes a 367-amino acid polypeptide. NSAS-6 consists of a conserved N-terminal domain and a coiled-coil domain. The high identity of SAS-6 homologous sequences from microsporidia indicates that SAS-6 is a conserved protein in microsporidia. Immunolocalization in sporoplasms, intracellular stages and mature spores showed that NSAS-6 probably localizes to the nucleus of N. bombycis and exists throughout the life cycle of N. bombycis. These results suggest that NSAS-6 is required in cell morphogenesis and division in N. bombycis. The function and structure of NSAS-6 should be the focus for further studies, which is essential to elucidate the role of SAS-6 in spindle plaque assembly.